How to choose filters for the camera

Filter represents a device that is the most common
variant is screwed to the front lens and the lens is used to
obtain various effects, or to retain or any range
light waves (color, UV), or for a proportional reduction
transmitted light (ND - neutral density), or to exclude light
waves of a certain polarization (polarization).

Filter - UV (HAZE) or SKY

First of all, it is mechanical protection of the lens. In this case, the filter - a piece of
glass cost 20-50 dollars can practically "save" the lens, which
expensive it in 10-20-30 times. In addition, the filter can be without fear of damage
wipe the lens, it protects against dirt, dust and spray the object itself. It
has a serious plus, because without a filter to protect against dust, splashing
lens have to close the lid all the time. What speed does not
adds.



Use a UV filter or SKY as a permanent portable and has a protective
sense and the fact that these filters eliminate the maintenance of color balance in
blue when shooting in bright sunlight and in other situations. Human eye
unlike the film is not sensitive to UV radiation and the part does not see this blue.
Detaining UV radiation filters to remove excess cold-blue flowers from
frame.

Mitigation (vague) filters

Produced under different names (soft, mist, foggy, etc.). Softens
image, making it slightly blurry. Lower contrast. Very useful when
portraits and landscapes of the morning, especially in the lateral or posterolateral
illumination. These filters are divided by the intensity of weak, medium and strong.
Since no standard, different manufacturers of their own ideas about the power
impact. So choose the best filters in the presence "of their
camcorder. It is recommended to pay attention to the options for low and medium
graduation, as a strong "fog" in the frame is not always pleasant.

Shaded filters

This filter, in which part of the area (about half) is colored
neutral gray or any color dye, and the other - net. Gray
shaded filters help to get a more spectacular image when shooting
landscapes where pritemnyayut sky. Red or orange filter will be shaded
very useful when shooting stunning sunsets.

Polarizing filter

In bright sun and cloudless sky, this filter appreciably pritemnyaet "sky
makes it dark blue. In conjunction with snow or sea view it looks
great. In addition, the polarizing filter eliminates most of the glare
water, glass and other glossy non-metallic surfaces. This allows
see through the camera what the naked eye can not see because of
strong reflections. For example, the river bottom under the water surface covered with shallow
ripples, or the dummy behind the glass display cases, which reflects the whole street.
The polarizer also "extinguishes" flashing on the grass, leaves, trees, and some
fruit, whose color is pure and saturated, as the promotional pictures.
Try to remove sunlit oranges or tomatoes through a polarizing
filter and without it - and you will feel the difference!

"Star" filters

allow to obtain the luminous rays from all the bright objects. Differ
mainly the number of those same rays. Night streets with lanterns and illuminated
advertising, the candle on the table, highlight on a glass of champagne - it's just "Musi-pusi"
some! But quickly bored. So, buying a "star" - not
overuse.

"Spectral" filters

also operate mainly in the brightest parts of the image, making them
radiate "rainbow" or "halo". Very impressive. But bored even faster than
asterisk.

So much talk about filters. The following discussion focuses on the more serious
optical nozzles.

Wide nozzle (wide angle)

expanding field of view lens. Being in a confined space, not
very easy to shoot interiors or group of people. Even when fully
opened zoom frame is one or one and a half man. And to
take action, the operator has to constantly "throw" the camera with a
character to another. All this leads to unnecessary fuss. Image obtained
"antsy" and uninteresting. In general, SHU-nozzle can be useful when traveling
on a cruise ship or a train, in museums, guided tours through the narrow streets
European or eastern cities and even thousands of similar situations.
Wide angle to distinguish the relative width of the frame without it, the width of the frame with
such. The lower this ratio - the better. 0.7 - is not bad, 0.6 --
ok. 0.45 - too much, give the effect of so-called "fish eyes", but in
some cases is very good. For example, try to avoid the subject
a circle, imitating circled the camera - very helpful, reducing almost twice
yaw angle camera in the hands of the operator, and visually by the same increasing
radius of the trajectory of an imaginary camera.

Telenasadka

But if you want to visit the safari park or other place where there
opportunity to see interesting animals and birds, then you, first of all, you
think about buying telenasadki the lens of your camera. This detail
allows to increase the maximum amount of the zoom lens has a 1,7-2 times. A
is when shooting animals, when close to an object is difficult or impossible,
very well worth it. By telenasadke you may have to purchase more and
hood - the lens device that limits the penetration of solar skew
rays on the front lens cap.



When shooting with telenasadkoy, however, the situation is not as easy as working with
"wide angle". Videolyubitel Everyone knows that at the maximum "hitting"
picture becomes unstable. Image Stabilizer, even very good,
not very helpful. And when worn telenasadke stability will be even less.
Watch this "movie" is simply impossible. One way out - use a tripod.

Anamorphic attachments

In many cells, if we want to get an image format 16х9,
image is obtained by a simple truncation of the upper and lower fields. In addition to narrowing
angle of view is further loss of clarity. Anamorphic attachments
help get rid of this loss, allowing the horizontal cover more
wide angle, just needed to ensure that images captured in
frame format 4x3 installation mounting project 16х9 gave the correct
proportions of the picture. Immediately warned: (1) These nozzles are very expensive. (2)
Many cameras have installed in the viewfinder for a nozzle. So
putting on and removing the nozzle anamorphic format 3x4 (and should be removed from such
attachment) you'll see in the viewfinder flattened laterally picture.

All the stories about the deterioration of picture quality due to additional "noise" in
optical system are mainly attributed to the days long past, when there was no
available technology complex enlightenment to the modern glass and cheap
crafts, which are made of is not the best glass with bubbles and often do not have
enlightenment, or have a one-sided illumination, and that poor-quality,
which is easily destroyed. It advocates a second opinion is often
oriented to advice, made almost in the pre-war literature or
domestic sources, which are oriented to the domestic same level
quality and technology of manufacturing of filters and optics.

When selecting a filter you should trust the products of companies
B + W, Tiffen, Hoya, brand filters such as Canon, Pentax, Nikon or
Minolta. Not bad to make sure that before you is not fake. It happens so rarely,
but mention it is. It is quite easy, but in such cases is
make purchases in stores that have a large assortment of filters.
The only filter, even in a beautiful box, but anyone who has not
Also known as better not to buy. Also, you should pay attention to packaging,
accuracy of manufacturing and other external signs, such as the right
spelling of the name of the company. Filter, especially UV or polarizing,
desirable to have a multilayer coating, which is often called
MC-MultiCoating.

In general, in my opinion, a good filter "verified" the company does not worsen
image quality so much that it was possible to see at all. Therefore
I recommend all fans (pro yourself will understand what's what), along with the lens
acquire and filter - UV or SKY. When buying always look like
nozzle behaves on your camera, some on the market quality
very low.