Optics of SLR cameras

Optics

Camera optics not live without. There are two possible sale of digital SLR cameras, the first option is when the housing is sold separately and separate lenses, the second option when the producers or sellers complement set (kit) from the body and lens. Optika greatly complicates the choice (because of the need to take into account the range and price range of optics). Which set of optics to have, everyone decides for himself. You can do 1-2 relatively inexpensive zoom-lens, but you can buy a range of professional lenses with fixed focal length. Hedorogaya zoom-optics limits the ability of the photographer. For example, portraits usually take off with a small depth of field, using such optics is difficult. Ha our opinion, the best variant – it 1-2 zoom-lens and 1-2 lenses with fixed focal length. And do not forget that the main thing – start to withdraw, and the optics can always purchase a sweat. Also, after buying a lens you will be much better to understand what else you need.

All well-known companies produce excellent optics. Objectives of each firm can be divided into three groups – entry level, intermediate and professional. Each of these groups commonly contain both lenses with fixed focal length and zoom-lens. At the prices it looks like, for example, in Canon, as follows: Entry Level – $ 100 – $ 300, average – $ 400 – $ 600, Senior (series lenses L) – from about $ 1000 (on the order of magnitude). The situation at other companies may differ, for example, professional optics from Canon is usually more expensive than the Nikon, and the optics of the middle class more expensive than a Nikon. Lenses primary level may have a plastic case and plastic lens mount, not to have the distance scale, the average level – at least has a metal mount, usually also has a metal casing and professional – is expensive lenses with metal frame. Optical quality is good even for entry-level zoom, so they are, in principle, performed at a high level, and only have disadvantages such as – at higher magnifications shows drop in permits for the edges, to behave differently at different apertures and focal lengths (in the case zoom). Lens average tend to have significantly better constructs, their optical quality is better. When designing an expensive professional optics used special materials (eg, fluorite elements) and technology (aspherical elements), it allows to achieve excellent results. Recently, significantly improved the quality of professional zoom lenses such as 28 (35) -70/2.8 or 70 (80) -200/2.8, the quality is very high even at full aperture, and they work equally well for the entire zoom range. These lenses are commonplace. Distinguish professional lens can even print of 10×15. That is, if people can afford to buy such a lens, he did not regret the money spent.

The range of optics in all firms, rather large. Least of all lenses from Pentax (but under the optics mount K release and other firms, we are really talking only about a mechanical interoperability standard for electronic contacts is not here), most probably, from Canon (the company is very clear stand in three different set of lenses ). Optics for these companies also produce “third” of the company, such as Tamron, Tokina. These optics are cheaper, but quality (optical and mechanical), it is different, it is necessary to deal with the specific objective and not particularly trust the catchy advertising claims manufacturers. Also, sometimes compatibility problems, for example, not once ever read about the problems with non-native optics from Canon (some lenses do not work or work correctly on some models of buildings). Also began to produce cheap 28-200 lens type, which do not provide high quality, especially to increase more than 10×15.

Previously, as a full (first) lens is usually chosen by a lens with focal length of 50 mm, are usually chosen zoom type 28-80/35-105 or more expensive options 24-85/28-105/35-135. When you first think of the lens of his plans for the future. In their view of the choices can be simplified. If you do not expect to buy additional lenses, then make decisions based on the fact that you’re more likely to withdraw. If you want to buy a second lens telephoto type of 100-300, as a first reasonable to buy 24-85 or 28-105, but if you want to later buy a wide angle lens such as 20-35, as a first better to use 35-135 .

Writing Board, on the lens of class to stay, is also very difficult. Features Lens weakly formalized. From the descriptions and schedules are often very difficult to understand what and how, and such descriptions are not so easy to find. Tests conducted by various magazines, are often unreliable, or not entirely correct. Ha our view, as a first lens advisable to buy one of the “native” lenses that are recommended by the manufacturer for the camera. The second, more expensive option – to buy a camera lens for the next (higher) class. Once you start to shoot it, you begin to understand what and how, and in the future it will be easier to make choices.

I would also like to note the following. When you buy things like a general rule – the thing is expensive, the better it is, exceptions are extremely rare (we are not talking about price distortions, which are with us). That is, if you, for whatever reasons to buy an inexpensive lens of a “third” firms do not expect anything outstanding, but often (especially when printing 10×15 photo-paragraph) is not a bad option. Also do not forget about the existence of optics with fixed focal length, inexpensive zoom-lens in spite of great versatility, have a number of fundamental limitations.

In addition to the widely used lenses exist several types of specialized. Its most famous of them – macro-and soft-lenses.

Macro-lenses are used to shoot small objects on a scale of 1:1 or 1:2. Often the question arises – which means that the inscription on some Macro zoom-lenses, and whether such a facility to replace the current Macro-lens with fixed focal length. Typically, this endorsement means nothing more that the lens can take in the scale close to 1:2 (1:4). Hastoyaschie Macro-lenses have a special optical scheme, designed for shooting small objects at close distances.

Also available in supplementary lenses for macro (close-up lens) (allows you to reduce the minimum focusing distance, dress up on the lens) and the extension of the ring (extension tube) (installed between the camera and lens), which can also bring the object of shooting. Typically, in order that would begin the introduction to the exciting world Macro-shooting them enough. After filming with their help it will be easier to decide to buy Macro-lens.

Soft-lens can optically soften the picture, this possibility is very helpful, for example, when Filming portraits. For instance, the Canon is EF135/2.8 with Softfocus, from Nikon – AF 105/2.0 DC D, and AF 135/2.0 DC D.

To increase the lens focal length (usually long-focus) using tele (mounted between the camera and lens). When using the focal length is usually increased by 2 or 1,4 times (the relative aperture is reduced to the appropriate (2 or 1,4) the number of times). When using quality optical system decreases. However, some firms developed converters, which, when used with professional optics allow to obtain excellent results.